The fall of Apartheid can be considered in two phases: (a) the period until the end of the cold war between 1970 and 1989 which was characterised by determined resistance from the apartheid regime and increasingly determined and aggressive resistance and protest within South Africa and pressure from outside South Africa and (b) The period after the end of the Cold War under the leadership of FW De Klerk which was characterised by a gradual capitulation of the apartheid regime and progressive handing over of control.
This blog will focus on the first of these phases. The following link will open a slide presentation that summarises the main features.Civil resistance and the collapse of apartheid 1970s-1980s
You should also consult the following sources for further detail:
Pillay, G. , Sikakhane, L. and N. West (2013) New Generation History Grade 12. Durban. New Generation pp.206 -226 and 249 -274
Fernandez, M., Wills, L., McMahon, P., Pienaar, S., Seleti, Y., and M. Jacobs (2013) Focus History Grade 12. Cape Town. Maskew Miller Longman. pp. 218-220 and 231-261
It is important to note that this section of history has a rich supply of original source material in the form of news reports, photographs, eye-witness accounts, posters, and cartoons that can be drawn on for source-based questions. The book by Pillay et al. is especially valuable not only with regard to such sources, but also because it has some excellent examples of source-based questions which you should examine carefully.